Sie wachsen auf mit dem Finger auf dem Display, spielen schon im Kindergarten Memory auf dem Tablet und bekommen spätestens ab zehn ohne Internet Entzugserscheinungen - eine neue Kindergeneration wächst heran: die Generation Smartphone. Die digitale Revolution hat unser aller Leben erfasst, und sie stellt Eltern und Pädagogen vor enorme Herausforderungen. Was ist der richtige Umgang mit Smartphone, Tablet und PC? Die Autorin gibt einen fachkundigen, umfassenden Überblick über die wichtigsten Trends der Digitalisierung im Kinderzimmer: von sozialen Netzwerken, Computerspielen, von Gamedesign, digitalem Lernen, über Datensicherheit bis hin zu Cybermobbing, Sie zeigt deren Chancen und Herausforderungen auf und plädiert an alle, die mit Kindern leben, die gemeinsame digitale Zukunft verantwortlich mitzugestalten. (Verlagstext)
After first detections of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in animals, the European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance has provided a protocol for the isolation of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia (E.) coli from cecum content and meat. Up to now, only few isolates were recovered using this procedure. In our experience, the choice of the selective agar is important for the efficacy of the method. Currently, the use of the prevailing method fails to detect CPE that exhibit a low resistance against carbapenems. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the suitability of selective media with antibiotic supplements and commercial ChromID(®) CARBA agar for a reliable CPE detection. For comparative investigations, detection of freeze-dried carbapenemase-resistant bacteria was studied on different batches of the ChromID(®) CARBA agar as well as on MacConkey agar supplemented with 1 mg/L cefotaxime and 0.125 mg/L meropenem (McC+CTX+MEM). The suitability of the different media was assessed within a time of 25 weeks, starting at least six weeks before expiration of the media. Carbapenem-resistant isolates exhibiting a serine-based hydrolytic resistance mechanism (e.g., bla(KPC) genes) were consistently detected over 25 weeks on the different media. In contrast, carbapenemase producers with only slightly reduced susceptibility and exhibiting a zinc-catalyzed activity (e.g., bla(VIM), bla(NDM), and bla(IMP)) could only be cultivated on long-time expired ChromID(®) CARBA, but within the whole test period on McC+CTX+MEM. Thus, ChromID(®) CARBA agar appears to be not suitable for the detection of CPE with slightly increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against carbapenems, which have been detected in German livestock and thus, are of main interest in the national monitoring programs. Our data are in concordance with the results of eleven state laboratories that had participated in this study with their ChromID(®) CARBA batches routinely used for the German CPE monitoring. Based on the ...
